The Human Populations Role Of Climate Change - 1040 Words

The Human Populations role in Climate Change Climate change is not a new phenomenon. It has been a common occurrence throughout our planets history. According to noa.gov there has been at least seven cycles of glacial advance and retreat that occurred in the past 650,000 years with the abrupt end of the last ice age about 7,000 years ago marking the beginning of the modern climate era and of human civilization. These early patterns of extended climate change were most likely the result of â€Å"very small variations in Earth’s orbit that change the amount of solar energy our planet receives.† (noaa.org). While these orbital variances can account for a portion of our changing climate the majority of the blame for our climates current state falls on our shoulders. According to the latest ICCP report, the current warming trend is of particular significance because most of it is very likely human-induced and proceeding at a rate that is unprecedented in the past 1,300 years. It is the consensus of the scientific commu nity that the daily activities of the Human population have significant influence over the acceleration of climate change. Rising temperature trends, rapid acceleration of co2 levels and the increase of extreme weather events offer unequivocal Proof of just how significant our influence can be. People have been debating the causes and effects of climate change for years, with many people assuming climate change and global warming are the same thing. â€Å"Global warmingShow MoreRelatedAlgae and Climate Change: The Complex and Integral Relationship between Biology and Weather1564 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Algae and Climate Change: The Complex and Integral Relationship Between Biology and Weather Introduction Climate scientists around the world overwhelmingly agree that mankind is responsible for a warming trend and for other changes to the global climate as a result of greenhouse gas emission form the burning of fossil fuels. This is far from a simple cause-and-effect system, however, given the global scale of the issue there are necessarily many factors that interact in complex manners to changesRead MoreDeforestation: A Major Reason for Global Warming753 Words   |  3 Pages Topic: Climate Change Research question: How is deforestation a major reason for global warming? Deforestation is cutting down of trees for some purpose (furniture). It is very harmful for everybody as it causes landslides, earthquakes and many more problems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Deforestation is a major cause as it also causes the main problem global warming. Global warming is an increase in average temperature of earth’s atmosphere. Deforestation also helps the greenhouse gas to spread (increase).Greenhouse gasRead MorePotiential Future Effects of Global Warming1834 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Climate change is one the biggest threats to nature and mankind in the 21st century. The impacts of climate change are visible everywhere, whether its melting glaciers, rising sea level, severe storms, heavy flooding, reduced snowfall in the north and a severe drought in the south. It will also have a number of effects on the flora and fauna in the future. Scientists predict that global warming in the near future may cause a mass extinction of wildlife, affecting more than 1 millionRead MoreThe Debate On Global Warming1239 Words   |  5 Pagesscientists. However, both camps agree that global warming and climate change are occasioned by both natural and human or anthropogenic factors. The opposing views occur when it comes to the relative importance they assign to each set of factors (Mazo 35). This paper acknowledges that while both natural and human factors are responsible for global warming, much of global warming that has occurred in recent times is largely attributable to human activities. The following paragraphs support this positionRead MoreGlobal Climate Change Is The Future Of The Entire Generation1099 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal climate change transcends the future of the entire generation. Yunjing Wang mentions that the world is expecting warming that could be dangerous throughout the century (Wang et al., 2015). Not only effecting species of animals but also determining the presence of human existence. New diseases prevail on a daily basis specifically vector borne. These vector borne illnesses adapt to climate change due to temperature fluctuations, constant precipitation, and population adjustments. AlthoughRead MoreClimate Change And Its Effects On Our Society1545 Words   |  7 Pagesdoing research surrounding the topic of climate change. It has become a proven fact that our global ecological and weather patterns are changing in ways that occur at a much more rapid pace than natural cycles typically allow. According to a 2016 Monmouth University Poll, most Americans acknowledge, at least to some extent, that â€Å"the world’s climate is undergoing a change that is causing more extreme weather patterns and the rise of sea levels.† Since humans rely so heavily on their environment toRead MoreThe United States And Alaska1463 Words   |  6 Pagesproviding the energy that fuel damaging Pacific storms.. Along with record breaking heat temperatures, the 2014 year passed 2010 for the warmest year. The top 10 warmest years have occured since 1997. The scientists say this is, a consequence of human activity and possess profound long-term risks to civilization and nature (2014 Breaks Heat Record). Scientists say that the most remarkable thing about the 2014 heat record was that it occured without a strong El Nino. An El Nino is a large-scaleRead MoreThe Effects Of Environmental Regulations On The Environment Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pages The only thing stopping the human population from an event of mass extinction is the federal, state, and other international governments. Climate change is a current, and very real threat, in fact, it is even considered a national security threat to Pentagon officials. Global temperatures, sea levels, and CO2 levels are all rising at an exponential rate. If action isn t taken by such levels of government, planet earth is destined for doom. The question, however, is if the government should be responsibleRead MoreThe Importance Of Future Research On The Future1104 Words   |  5 Pagesinteraction with the environment, and develop new technologies to protect the environment and public health. My challenge is to get a more complete picture of these issues in the near future, which could help to resolve the problems of global climate change and use the CO2 and other greenhouse gases for beneficial purposes as a potential natural resource. In the short term, I will continue working on several problems of my current research, including (1) two patent pending technologies whichRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On Rural People Of Nepal1220 Words   |  5 PagesAll these changes tend to contribute to reduce agricultural productivity resulting in either increased prices or food shortages. While other impacts of climate change include increased forest fires due to the extended dry period, and increase pest and diseases of crops, livestock and human population (LFP, 2010). Thus, the unparalleled impacts of climate change extended to effects on ecosystem, health, food production, water resources, agriculture and livelihood (IPCCC, 2001). With developing countries

Our Farm Essay - 2839 Words

I woke up before my alarm. A distant square of eerie half-twilight from the window held the familiar outline of the locust tree. In the dark, I fumbled to dress without waking my parents. I slipped outside. The sun was still below the horizon but the clouds above the mountains were tainted the color of pomegranates. Around me the shadows seemed empty. I tried not to look into the brush as I walked down the driveway. I had stopped before, looking to see the back of the shadows; staring hard, only to have them retreat from my eyes indefinitely. Invisible birds called from within. Their sound followed me down the driveway and onto the road. As I walked I let my eyes close and my feet feel the groove in the gravel. My mind, still†¦show more content†¦Dad had planted more lentils this year. I had rolled my eyes when he told me: 300 acres. He had laughed, That should be nothin for the prettiest swather driver around, Munchkin. I was only prettiest because I was the only girl. The swather cuts crops to dry before they are harvested and lays them in long rows that snake around hills in endless spirals. In eastern Washington state we swath lentils in late July and early August. My father did the swathing when my grandfather owned the farm. My brother took over when he was twelve and then it was my turn. Swathing is to the farm kid what mowing the lawn is to a suburban kid; just multiplied by a few horsepower. But its that kind of job. There is the same certain thrill of learning to use the machine for the first time; a new vibration of power connected to your fingertips and devouring whatever comes before you. But after a while it loses its edge. If you dont grow to hate it your mind is free to wander. Thats when the suburban kid clips the flowerbed and when the farm kid veers off and makes a crooked swath. It took me a whole summer to get used to the feeling of running a machine that big. I was thirteen. I felt more important than ever. And a little scared. 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Sunshine Chapter 29 Free Essays

string(141) " hair occasionally brushing my face – and managed to keep the sights of the night before from replaying themselves against my eyelids\." Pat expelled a long noisy breath. â€Å"Well held, you guys,† he said. He glanced at Con. We will write a custom essay sample on Sunshine Chapter 29 or any similar topic only for you Order Now I could guess he was torn between wanting to celebrate a partial victory against the goddess and wanting to know who and what the hell my apparent ally really was. He caught my eyes and I watched him decide to trust me. I watched him watching me watching him decide to trust me. It was true: I owed him. That was something else I’d have to figure out later. â€Å"Can I give you a ride home, Sunshine?† he said casually. â€Å"That would be great,† I said feelingly. Even supposing I had bus fare in my pocket, which I didn’t, I didn’t yearn for the experience of getting Con and me anywhere in public. Any sane bus driver would refuse to let us on board, the way we looked, not to mention the nearest stop was a mile and a half from Yolande’s and I didn’t think I could walk that far. I doubted that any nowheresville way was available in – from – daylight. And if I was too tired to walk from the bus stop I was way beyond too tired to deal with any nowheresvilles. And turning up at Charlie’s, looking like this and with Con in tow, wasn’t an option. â€Å"John, you want to take Mr. Connor – â€Å" â€Å"He can come with me,† I said firmly. â€Å"We have to – talk.† â€Å"I bet you do,† said Pat. â€Å"Okay, Sunshine, I won’t ask, but take notes, okay? I’m not going to do my heavy SOF guy trick and make you do your talking here because you’ve already had that from the goddess, and besides, if she found out I’d taken you to my office and got more out of you than she did she’d bust my ass back to Tinker Bell patrol.† There is a legion of little old ladies (of assorted ages and sexes) who manage to believe that the Others are mostly small and cute and harmless, and live under toadstools, and wear harebells as hats. A lot of them ring up their local SOF div to report sightings, because that is the citizenly thing to do, and since there are a few ill-tempered Others who sometimes pretend to be small and cute and harmless – I’d never heard of any of them wearing harebells, however – these have to be checked out. But it is not a popular job. â€Å"I’ve been getting reports from No Town right along, you know,† continued Pat, â€Å"and I want to know what you guys did. And I want it in triplicate, you got that? But I’m a patient man and I’ll wait. I won’t even tell the goddess I took you home together.† â€Å"He’s lost his house keys anyway,† I said glibly, â€Å"and we can call a locksmith from my house.† â€Å"He keep a fresh change of clothes at your house too?† said Pat. â€Å"Does Mel know? I didn’t say that.† No windows yet. The other SOFs went their own ways, and it was just Pat and Con and me. Down a few more corridors, and now we were walking toward the glass doors into the parking lot. Con unobtrusively moved near me again and I tucked my arm under his arm and pretended to lean against him. It didn’t take a lot of pretending, any more than my tears for the goddess had. Pat’s glance flicked over us again and I realized he was having to make an effort not to go all, well, male. He wanted badly to try to put Con in his place and thus find out what his place was. He wanted this as a pretty high-ranking SOF officer, he wanted this as my friend and self-designated semiprotector and semiexploiter, and he probably even wanted this for Mel, who he was at least sure was genuinely human, although ordinarily he would consider my private life strictly my own business. And he’d be having mixed feelings about suspecting Con as some kind of freaky partblood for the obvious reasons. But I recognized the signs in this (comparatively) respectable middle-aged SOF agent from the staring and grunting contests we got occasionally at Charlie’s, and from some of the biker bars I’d been to with Mel. I had a sudden frivolous desire to laugh†¦as we walked through the swinging doors and out into the morning. The sun was still low but the sunshine on my face felt like the best thing that had ever happened to me. I couldn’t help it: I stopped, and raised my face to it. Con stopped with me of course. â€Å"Sunshine for Sunshine,† Pat said mildly. â€Å"I’ll get the car,† and he went on, running his hands over his head as if smoothing down feathers from his frustrated dominance display. I hadn’t picked up any response from Con – I could always feel Mel not responding – but then Con didn’t noticeably respond to much of anything. And it wasn’t that vampires didn’t have their own shoving competitions – we had, after all, just survived a particularly extravagant one of these. I didn’t feel like laughing any more. I put Con’s arm around my waist so I could raise both hands to the sun, as if an extra twenty inches of extended arm was going to make a big difference to its curative properties. I didn’t care. I held them, palm up, till I saw Pat’s car coming toward us, and Con handed me carefully into the back seat, and slid in after me. I curled up and pretended to go to sleep on Con’s shoulder so we didn’t have to make conversation and Pat wouldn’t try. This really was pretense: I couldn’t go to sleep, at least not yet, and was afraid to try. Even keeping my eyes closed was an effort, but I listened intently to all the normal noises of morning in the city, smelled gas fumes and early coffee bars, and felt Con’s arm around me – and his spiky hair occasionally brushing my face – and managed to keep the sights of the night before from replaying themselves against my eyelids. You read "Sunshine Chapter 29" in category "Essay examples" The smell of coffee – penetrating even through the smell of us – reminded me of Charlie’s, and there was one of those weird bits of mental slippage that trauma produces: I thought, oh, what a good thing I’m not dead, I never did write that recipe down for Paulie†¦ It felt like a long drive, although it wasn’t, still well before rush hour, and in a real car instead of the Wreck. â€Å"Check in as soon as you can,† was all Pat said when he dropped us off. â€Å"Thanks,† I said. â€Å"Thank you,† said Con. Again that flick of gaze to one, then the other of us. â€Å"Yeah,† said Pat, and drove away. I had avoided losing my house key by not taking it with me. I fished it out from under the pot of pansies and the crack in the porch floor and opened the door, half-watching my hands still, as if they might turn on me and try to tear my own heart out. Con followed me up the dark stairs. My apartment was full of roses. I’d forgotten about the roses. None of them was more than half open. It felt like some kind of miracle: it felt like centuries since I’d bought them, two days ago. I was supposed to be dead. I would be going to work tomorrow. Cinnamon rolls. Roses. They were from another world. The human world. I glanced at my hands again. Hands that earned their living making human food. There isn’t much that is a lot more nakedly hands-on than kneading dough. The ward wrapped around the length of the balcony railing had a big charred hole in the middle of it. When we’d walked through it last night, into Other-space, presumably. The poor thing: it had probably felt like a garage mechanic presented with a lame elephant: wait just a sec here, I never said I did all forms of transport. It had been a good ward, and it had survived my smoke-borne passage on my way to find Con. I’d find out later if it could be patched up or if it was blown (or squashed) for good. I left Con in the middle of the shadowy floor and went out into the daylight again, holding my hands out in front of me like sacrifices or discards. Con moved forward till he was standing at the edge of the shadow. â€Å"There is nothing wrong with your hands,† he said. I shook my head, but I lowered my hands till they rested on the balcony railing. There were scorch marks on the railing. On their backs, with the fingers curled up, my hands looked dead. â€Å"Tell me,† he said. â€Å"I had to – touch him,† I said in a low voice. â€Å"I tried not to, but he was too strong. He was winning. I put my hands†¦I touched him. Bo.† As I said it all the other things I was trying not to remember about the night before came racing back, bludgeoning their way into my mind. I felt myself begin to fragment again. When I’d been facing the goddess, I’d known what I was doing for a little while. Now that there was no immediate threat to organize myself around†¦I shivered, even in the daylight. Thin, cool, autumn sunlight, with winter to come, with its shorter, colder days, before the baking heat of summer returned. Autumn daylight wasn’t going to heal my hands. Or the reopened wound on my breast. I hadn’t had to look at it yet, accept its reappearance yet, while all of me was covered with crusted blood. â€Å"Sunshine,† said Con gently. â€Å"He had no power to hurt you physically. He had had no such power for many years. His strength was in his will, and in the physical strength of those he controlled by his will. If his creatures – his acolytes – had not hurt you, he could not.† I wanted to say, he did hurt me – his creatures did hurt me – they taught me what I could do. I would never have done what I did to Bo, if I had not already done it to his followers. â€Å"He almost killed me!† I said at last, aloud, feebly. This was an unendurably anticlimactic way of describing what had happened. Merely dying seemed like a minor difficulty, like an alarm clock that had failed to go off or a car that wouldn’t start. Maybe I had been hanging out with vampires too much. â€Å"Yes. By sheer force of evil. Only that.† â€Å"Only that,† I said. â€Å"Only that.† â€Å"Yes.† I turned my head to look at him, leaving my hands awkwardly where they were. The Mr. Connor of the goddess’ office had gone; my Con was back. There was a vampire in the room. He looked tired, almost as a human might look tired, as well as ragged and filthy. My vampire looked tired. I took my hands off the railing so I could go back into the shadows to Con. I reached out to touch him, twisted my hands away from him at the last moment. But he took my hands by the wrists, and kissed the back of each fist, turned them over and waited, patiently, till the fingers relaxed, and kissed each palm. It was a strange sensation. It felt less like being kissed than it felt like a doctor applying a salve. Or a priest last rites. â€Å"There is nothing wrong with your hands,† he said. â€Å"The touch of evil poisons by the idea of it. Reject the idea and you have rejected the evil.† I was being lectured in morality by a vampire. I wanted to laugh. The problem was that he was wrong. If he’d been right maybe I could have laughed. â€Å"My hands feel – they’ve been – changed. I can feel this. They – they don’t belong to me any more. They are only – attached. They feel as if they may be – have become – evil.† â€Å"Bo’s evil was a very powerful idea.† â€Å"I thought I was coming to pieces. I am not sure I’m not. My hands – my hands are two fragments of what is left of me.† Two ruined fragments. There was a pause. â€Å"Yes,† said Con. â€Å"How do you know?† I whispered. I waited for him to drop my hands, to move away from me. The pleading whine of my voice set my own teeth on edge. He was only still with me because the sun trapped him here till sunset. He didn’t move away. He said, â€Å"I see it in your eyes.† This was so unexpected I gaped at him. â€Å"What – â€Å" â€Å"No. I cannot read your secrets. But I can read your fears. My kind are adept at reading fear. And you look into my eyes as no other human ever has.† I looked away from him. War and Peace, my fears. All fifty-odd volumes of the Blood Lore series. The complete globenet directory. For sheer length and inclusiveness my fears were right up there. I hoped he was a speed reader. He dropped my hands then, but only to put a finger under my chin. â€Å"Look at me.† I let him raise my chin. Hey, he was a vampire. He could break my neck if he wanted to. This way he didn’t have to. â€Å"You are not afraid of everything,† he said. â€Å"Nearly,† I said. â€Å"I am afraid of you. I am afraid of me.† â€Å"Yes,† he said. There was a curious comfort in that â€Å"yes.† I had definitely been hanging out with vampires too long. This vampire. I remembered standing in the sunlight in my kitchen window, the morning after my return from the lake. That moment when I first began to feel I might recover, from whatever it was that had happened. The splinters that my peace of mind had been smashed into – if not, perhaps, after all, my sanity – were sending little scouting filaments across the gaps, looking for other pieces, whether I’d sent them out to look or not. Where the scout-filaments met, they’d start winding themselves together again, knitting themselves back into rows†¦They were probably building on those first granny knots from when I’d agreed to be let out of the SOF bind and be responsible for my behavior. No: from the first granny knots of the morning after Con had brought me home from the lake. I was going to have some more scars and the texture of the final weave was going to change. Was changing. It was going to be lumpier, and there were going to be some pretty weird holes. I never had been able to learn to knit. I don’t do uniformity and consistency. Even my cinnamon rolls tend to have individual personality. I could probably cope with a few more wodgy bits in my own makeup. Maybe my medulla oblongata was refusing to take any crap from my cerebrum again. Shut up and get on with the reconstruction. If you can’t find the right piece, use the wrong one. I took a step backward, still facing Con, still within reach of him, but so that the sunlight touched me. There was something struggling out of the murk here, trying to make me think it: If good is going to triumph over evil, good has to stay sane. Say what? Oh, please. I’m still thinking about breathing. Now I’m supposed to start in flogging myself to go on fighting for the forces of†¦well, â€Å"good† is some freaking mouthful. It sounds like some Anglo-Saxon geek with a big square jaw and a blazing sword, any vestigial sense of humor surgically removed years before when he was conditionally accepted to Hero School. But that was kind of where I’d wound up, even if I’d missed out on the jaw and the training. Because I was definitely against evil. Definitely. In my lumpy, erratic way. And I knew what I was talking about, because I’d now met evil. That was precisely the point. I’d touched it. And I was going to have to remember for the rest of my life that I’d touched it. That these hands had grasped, pulled†¦ But us anti-evil guys have to stay sane. Lumpy and holey, maybe, but sane. Listen, Sunshine: Bo was gone. He wasn’t going to get the last word now. I hoped. At least not until later this morning. â€Å"I’m going to run a bath. I’ll flip you for who goes first.† I had a jar on my desk, next to the balcony, that held loose change. â€Å"Flip?† Vampires. They don’t know anything. I won. I was almost sorry. I felt obliged to have only one bath, and a fast one, but I made it count. If I rubbed my palms a little rawer than I needed to for an idea, at least my hands felt like my hands while I was doing it. Perhaps the touch of the rose petals, when I’d had to move all the floating roses out of the bath so I could get me into it instead, had helped. There was no wound on my breast. I hadn’t believed it at first. I kept rubbing the soap all over my front, from throat to pubic line, as if maybe I’d mislaid it somehow. But it wasn’t there. The scar was. I thought it looked a little†¦wider, shinier, than it had, the day after Con had closed it the first time. But it was a scar. But my chain was gone too, and there was a new scar, which dipped over the old one, in the shape of a chain hanging around my neck. Together they looked like some new rune, but I couldn’t read it. There was no sign of the golden web, no matter how hard I scrubbed. †¦What had I been saying about going on fighting for the forces of good? In that mad little moment right after Con had said something comforting? That a vampire had seemed to say something comforting should have told me I was having a crazy moment, not a returning-sanity-and-hope moment. Going on doing anything like what I’d been doing these last five months – horribly culminating in what I had done last night – was approximately the last thing I wanted. Especially when it meant bearing the knowledge of what I’d done. And that going on doing it would mean bearing more of doing and more of knowing. But Pat had said we had less than a hundred years left. Us humans. No, not us humans. Us-on-the-right-side. And there aren’t enough of us. Okay, here’s the irony: if I went on with this heavy magic-handling shtick I was likely to be around in a hundred years. I pulled the plug and started toweling myself dry. I rubbed violently at my hair like I was trying to friction-burn undesirable thoughts out of my head. I washed and dried my little knife tenderly, however, and put it back in my fresh, clean, dry pocket. I was dressed in the first thing out of the top cupboard in the bathroom, where all my oldest, rattiest clothes lived. Then I started another bath and called Con. I found a one-size-fits-all kimono in the back of my closet that Con could get into, or rather that would go round him; at least it was black. I could give him the shirt in the back of my closet but it wouldn’t be long enough on him. Right. I was clean. Con had something to wear. On to the next thing. Food. I didn’t have to think any more long-view thoughts yet. I still had small immediate things to organize myself around. I was frying eggs when he came out, looking very exotic in the kimono. I stood there holding a skillet with three beautifully fried eggs in it and said miserably, â€Å"I can’t even feed you.† How I’d organized my entire life: feeding other people. I heard what I was saying – or what I was saying it to – a moment after the words came out, but his gaze did not waver. â€Å"I do not eat often. I do not need food.† I shook my head. I’d narrowly avoided mental breakdown as a result of facing ancient all-consuming evil, and now I was about to lose it over giving a vampire breakfast. I felt tears pricking at my eyes. This was ridiculous. â€Å"I can’t eat in front of you. It’s so†¦I feed people for a living. If I don’t do it I’m a failure. I identify as a feeder of†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"People,† said Con. â€Å"I am not a person.† I’d just been having this conversation with myself in the bathroom. â€Å"Yes you are,† I said. â€Å"You’re just not, you know, human.† â€Å"Your food grows cold,† said Con. â€Å"It is better hot, yes?† I shook my head mutinously. He was right, though, it was a pity to ruin such ravishing eggs. â€Å"I will drink with you,† said Con. â€Å"Orange juice?† I said hopefully. It had to have calories in it. Water didn’t count. â€Å"Very well. Orange juice.† I moved three white roses out of one of my nice glasses, gave it a quick wash, and poured orange juice in it. It was one of the tall ones with gold flecks. Silly thing to drink juice out of. I didn’t see him drink – it occurred to me I hadn’t seen him drink his tea in the goddess’ office either – but nearly half a gallon of orange juice disappeared while I ate my eggs and two toasted muffins and a scone. (What a good thing that it hadn’t occurred to me to empty my refrigerator before I died.) Did that mean he liked it, or was this his demanding standard of courtesy again? â€Å"What does it taste like?† I asked. â€Å"It tastes like orange juice,† he said, at his most enigmatic. How was I planning on putting us-on-the-right-side, anyway? Con had been on the right side as compared to Bo. Con was still a vampire. He still†¦ I did the dishes in silence while Con sat in his chair. The kimono made him look very zen, sitting still doing nothing. I’d seen it first at the lake, that capacity for sitting still doing nothing with perfect grace: although that wasn’t how I’d thought of it when we were chained to the wall together. And it was interesting that he retained it when he wasn’t under the prospect of immediate elimination with no way out, which might be expected to focus the mind. If it didn’t blow it to smithereens. I did the dishes slowly. We’d done washing and eating. There wasn’t anything to come except to figure out sleeping arrangements. Con had acknowledged that vampires did something like sleep during the day. And my body had to have sleep soon or I was going to fall down where I stood. But my mind couldn’t deal with it. I’d tried to convince myself to haul some laundry downstairs but I couldn’t face the effort: stairs: the assault on Everest, and where were my Sherpas? I rescued Con’s trousers from where he had rinsed and wrung them out and draped them over the towel rack (you don’t think of vampires in domestic-chore terms, but I suppose even vampires have to come to some arrangement about getting their clothes washed), and hung them on the balcony for the sun and wind to dry them; at least they were still trousers, if a trifle ravaged by events, which was more than could be said for the remains of his shirt. I scuffled around in my close t again – at some peril to life and limb, since my com gear tended increasingly to get left in there – and pulled the spare shirt out, and left it on the closet doorknob. Every utensil was scoured within an inch of its life and dried and put away too soon. Sleep. No way. At least, being this tired, and still half-watching my hands for renegade moves, I wasn’t interested in – or maybe I should say I wasn’t capable of brooding about – what else might happen in a bed-type situation. Or could happen. Or wasn’t going to happen. I was capable of brooding about being afraid to be alone. Afraid to sleep. â€Å"You’ll have to have the bed,† I said. â€Å"There are no curtains for the balcony, and the sun gets pretty much all round the living room over the course of the day. I’ll sleep on the sofa.† He was silent for a moment, and I thought he might argue. I’m not sure I wasn’t waiting hopefully for an argument. But all he said finally was, â€Å"Very well.† How to cite Sunshine Chapter 29, Essay examples

Comparative Marketing Management Structure Renowned Automobile Brands

Question: Describe about the Smooth Discussion Of The Comparative Marketing Management Structure Of The Four Renowned Automobile Brands? Answer: Introduction Marketing management is the company discipline that aims on the practical implementation of methods and techniques inside organizations, marketing orientation and on the management of the marketing activities and resources of a firm (Czinkota and Kotabe 2011). A study has been deployed concerning the comparison of the marketing strategies of four different car brands such as Ferrari, BMW, Audi and Mercedes with the help of the marketing management concept. Primarily, the STP strategies used by the selected automobile brands has been discussed to identify the issues are being faced by individual brands and who are compensating the issues to keep its business process stable within this massively competitive market. On the other hand, the most important factor that is the marketing mix tools utilized by the companies has been compared to make more clear recommendation for the brands that would help them in improving their marketing strategies. Company Background Ferrari is luxurious the sports car manufacturer. This company was established in 1929 by Enz Ferrari. It is the most powerful brand all over the world in terms of brand finance (Ferrari 2016). Audi is the German car manufacturer that produces, distributes, markets, engineers and designs luxurious cars. This company oversees around the globe. Audi is headquartered in Bavaria, Germany (Audi 2016). Mercedes is also a German car manufacturer. It is actually a multinational division of Daimler AG. Mercedes is popular for luxurious trucks, coaches, buses and automobiles. Mercedes is headquartered in Stuttgart, Germany (Mercedes-benz 2016). BMW or Bavarian Motor Works is again a German luxurious engine, motorcycle and automobile manufacturing company established in 1916 (AG 2016). The BMW headquartered is located in Munich, Germany. Comparison of Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning strategy (Referred to Appendix 1) The STP strategy explains the connection between an overall market and how an organization selects for competing in that market. The role of this strategy is to provide a proper guidance to a certain organization for the implementation and development of a suitable marketing mix tool. Being the top ranked car brands around the globe, Ferrari, Jaguar, BMW and Mercedes follow their own specific STP strategies. Therefore, it can be expected that the three brands must have some differences in their STP strategies because competition is more in the same industry. Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning strategy for Ferrari Segmentation Analysis The average owners of Ferrari may be male in their mid-fifty. It is very difficult to find any Ferrari that would be purchased as the customer is in requirement of the transport vehicle. Most of the Ferraris in fact are only the third or second car owned in a household (Davis, 2012). It is primarily for the extremely high price of the cars. It is not a rare occurrence apparently, that all understands as most people purchasing. Target Market The Ferraris are purchased as for the performance and status (Dickson 2014). Very less people can afford actually a Ferrari. However, this Ferrari is the most desirable automobile brand among all the people all over the world. People who have very strong background and high income try to highlight their status and also have an interest in the luxurious sports cars that belongs to the target market of Ferrari. Positioning Strategy Ferrari has been positioned in the prestigious segment of the automobile industry with a distinctive benefit depending on the exclusivity and high performance (Goldman 2013). Ferrari is symbol of status as a brand that consists of the extreme design, power and performance. Customers perceive purchasing a Ferrari as the consumers have made it. Motivators for the Buying Decisions Though, Ferrari manufactures cars with extreme design, power and performance but these cars cannot reach towards most people because of the high prices. If Ferrari can manage to cut down the prices of the cars then it would motivate the buying decision of the purchaser. Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning strategy for Audi Segmentation Analysis Audi actually uses the psychographic, demographic and geographic segmentation variables. Audis first decision is which cars in which countries such as smaller Audis are found in Europe as they drive smaller cars than the Canadian people (Hollensen 2014). In case of demographic segmentation, middle aged people are targeted by Audi. Audi manufactures cars for all the income group people around the globe. Audi mainly focuses for high class to upper middle class people as it is a very luxurious brand. Target Market The target market of Audi is based on the country and on the driving type. Audi mainly targets many countries worldwide (Karunakaran 2011). These cars are available for both the luxury use and the driving purpose. Positioning Strategy Audi enhance their market positioning by providing stress on several points as follows, By selecting suitable rivals such as BMW and Mercedes They launch some impressive and distinct cars than the brands like, BMW, Mercedes and Ferrari (Lancioni 2015). They find their USP for increasing their position in the automobile market. Motivators for the Buying Decisions Audis cars are affordable for the middle income people. Hence, this factor has definitely influence the buying decision of the purchasers. However, they should concern about the performance and the speed of the cars to motivate the buying decision. Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning strategy for Mercedes Segmentation Analysis Demographic of Mercedes Benz S class consists of mostly middle aged people, both male and female and adults. These cars are not very popular among the young generation as these are very expensive. Mainly Mercedes targets high or middle income people. Target Market Mercedes target market is the people of middle age of high or middle incomes. This brand mainly targets rich customers (LaPlaca 2014). Positioning Strategy This brand has developed a strategy for positioning as a producer of highly safe and reliable automobiles that result in a cost premium relative to similar global rivals (Levy 2012). Mercedes provide the outstanding solutions regarding their service related to the products. Motivators for the Buying Decisions Mercedes should be concerned on the improvement of their pricing decision that would help them to change their buyers buying decision from no to yes. Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning strategy for BMW Segmentation Analysis The major market for BMW, geographically are North America and Europe as these continents are widely industrialized and their residents are positioned financially for purchasing the cars of upper market (Lilien 2015). Target Market This brand utilizes a differentiated strategy that is they target particular automobile markets. BMW mostly targets the markets of Super Sports, Super Executive, Executive, Sports Convertibles and many others. Positioning Strategy BMW has positioned its image as quality automobile producer, technologically advanced, performance and exclusivity. The market of BMW is very competitive due to the numerous automobile manufacturers (Richter 2011). This brand has developed a positioning strategy as a producer of highly safe, reliable automobiles and high performance cars that help the brand to compete in such a competitive market. Motivators for the Buying Decisions This brand has developed a positioning strategy as a producer of highly safe, reliable automobiles and high performance cars. The same advice would also go for this brand that is they should be concerned in their pricing decision to motivate the buying decision of the purchasers. Fig 1: Perceptual Map for Mercedes, Audi, Ferrari and BMW (Source: Dickson 2014) Marketing Activities (Referred to Appendix 2) Marketing Mix Tools Marketing mix is business tool utilized by markets and in marketing. It is often essential while determining the offer of a brand or product and often is associated with Product, price, promotion and place. (Shapiro 2012) Marketing Mix of Ferrari Product The products of the brand are the super cars of high performance. However, the organization is widely into the merchandising of third party (Sheehan 2011). Pricing The brand priced at a premium range. Ferrari begins upwardly at prices of US $175000. People appreciate Vintage Ferrari cars in value and these are known to US dollars cost millions. Promotions The merchandising of Ferrari is the strongest promotion of the brand. Already Ferrari is enjoying immense awareness around the globe, even in the areas where the brand does not do any promotion (Davis 2012). However, this merchandising is implemented on a license and royalty basis to other brands. Place Ferrari has its exceptional Ferrari dealership that is spread over fifty two countries as of yet with the plans for expanding the dealership of Ferrari to other markets and countries (Ferrari 2016). Marketing Mix of Audi Product In early 1990s, there were some issues found in their cars but Audis new cars have mutation of much less consequences with their microprocessors due to the implementation of improved technology (Audi 2016). Now Audi offers a huge car variety. Price Audi has skimming or premium pricing. The pricing is fully justified looking at the brand image and the quality of the car (Dickson 2014). Audi is trying its best for rationalizing the price and providing options of innovative finance through the Audi Finance of their own making the attractive the purchase. Promotion Audi is involved in several ventures of sponsorship and sports, like sponsorship of some Italian football team. This brand manages for keeping itself in the public eye. Audi never participates in the mass marketing because of its niche market (Hollensen 2014). Instead of it, the automobile brand advertises only in the very premium component. Place Audi has a global presence and it continues to become the motor cars prolific seller. Audi has investments and set out prime plans for achieving goals of long term (Karunakaran 2011). The brand continues to develop in the Asian countries (Audi 2016). Marketing Mix of Mercedes Product Mercedes always manufactures the high quality and world class tracks, coaches, buses and cars those are renowned for their luxurious nature. In the marketing mix of Mercedes, Product is the strongest P (Mercedes-benz 2016). Price Mercedes deals in the niche segment while the customer is very much concerned about the worth they are achieving on the cars more anything else (Lancioni 2015). The organization has a wide structure of price globally ranging within $30000-$100000, based on the model (Mercedes-benz 2016). Promotion Mercedes has maintained accessibility of the customers to increase interaction with its target market through the following (Mercedes-benz 2016). Print Media Television advertising Offer warranty under outstanding conditions Building outstanding customer service at its sales point Social media Online advertising Place Mercedes distributes their cars all over the world (LaPlaca 2014). It desires for changing the brand perception and repositioning it so that it more acceptable to the young generation. Marketing Mix of BMW Product BMW began their journey with fundamental models. However, they soon progressed towards advanced engineering (AG 2016). Now the cars of BMW boast of potential engines, a promise of reliability and safety, fantastic speed and extra ordinary pickup (Richter 2011) Price BMW is a premium priced automobile organization. The prices of the cars vary based on which model, extras or series the buyer desires on purchasing (AG 2016). Promotion BMW does the promotion of their brand new cars with the most amazing print advertisement, out of home advertisement, television commercials and now through the online advertisements. The major features regarding promotion in BMWs marketing mix are as follows (AG 2016). Top of the mind positioning in the car brands BMW relies more on the pull strategy more than the push strategy Strong brand pull for the outstanding marketing over the time. Place The company has highly skilled employees working for the company in every field, from customer helpline staff to mechanics (Shapiro 2012). Retail Distribution Strategies There are three types of retail distribution strategies. Three of the car brands excluding Ferrari use the inclusive distribution strategy, because in this industry customers have a range of acceptable cars to select from. In case of Ferrari, manufacturers have a limited number of outlets that is they use the selective distribution strategy. Audi utilizes the exclusive distribution strategy because they manufacture different cars for different geographical area. Four of the automobile brands have utilized excellent online distribution strategies. The social media websites have become their major root of promotion of their products. Ferrari is such a brand that is not available in most of the countries but still most of people around the world know about the car (Shapiro 2012). It has been possible because of their unique online distribution and marketing strategies. Now, their cars can also be got over the internet. These unique features have made the four brands so much successful. These exclusive distribution strategies always become the reason of the success of the four brands. People can afford an Audi or a BMW car in terms of their monetary condition because they manufacture cars targeting both the middle to high income people. On the other hand, the exclusive online distribution strategy and the excellent quality influence their target market. The online promotion of the Mercedes cars regarding the car performance is seeking more customers day by day. Conclusion The study has implemented a Smooth Discussion Of The Comparative Marketing Management Structure Of The Four Renowned Automobile Brands. From the overall discussion, it has been found that the cars manufactured by four of the brands are very expensive. However, middle class people can afford Audi, BMW cars where Ferrari is out of their reach. On the other hand, performance and reliability vary for these different four brands. When the matter of promotional strategy is considered, then it must be said that in spite of being very expensive, four of the brands especially Ferrari are known to all people around the globe. Such popularity can be gained with the effective marketing management that the four car brands often do. Reference List AG, B. 2016. BMW automobiles : BMW AG website. [online] Bmw.com. Available at: https://www.bmw.com/com/en/ [Accessed 1 Jan. 2016]. Audi.com, 2016. Audi. [online] Available at: https://www.audi.com/index.html [Accessed 1 Jan. 2016]. Czinkota, M. and Kotabe, M. 2011. Marketing management. Cincinnati: South-Western College Pub. Davis, K. 2012. Marketing management. New York: Wiley. Dickson, P. 2014. Marketing management. Fort Worth: Dryden Press. Ferrari.com, 2016. Ferrari. [online] Available at: https://www.ferrari.com/choose-your-country [Accessed 1 Jan. 2016]. Goldman, J. 2013. Public relations in the marketing mix. Chicago, IL: Crain Books. Hollensen, S. 2014. Marketing management. New York, NY: Pearson Education. Karunakaran, K. 2011. Marketing management. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Lancioni, R. 2015. Pricing issues in industrial marketing. Industrial Marketing Management, 34(2), pp.111-114. LaPlaca, P. 2014. Industrial marketing management. Industrial Marketing Management, 37(3), pp.245-246. Levy, S. 2012. Marketing management and marketing research. Journal of Marketing Management, 28(1-2), pp.8-13. Lilien, G. 2015. Marketing mix analysis with Lotus 1-2-3. Palo Alto, CA: The Scientific Press. Mercedes-benz.com, 2016. Mercedes-Benz. [online] Available at: https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/ [Accessed 1 Jan. 2016]. Richter, T. 2011. Marketing mix standardisation in international marketing. Frankfurt am Main [u.a.]: Lang. Shapiro, B. 2012. The marketing mix. Boston, Mass.: Distributed by the Pub. Division, Harvard Business School. Sheehan, B. 2011. Marketing management. Lausanne, Switzerland: AVA Pub.

ESRM 100 Exam 1 Flashcard

ESRM 100 Exam 1

Free Essays on Dukkhah - Suffering

Even though Buddhism never developed a missionary movement, the Buddha’s teachings spread all over the India subcontinent. After it had put its mark on the India subcontinent it moved from there to Asia. As with any culture, different people have different ways of reacting and thinking about things. So, with each new culture Buddhism touched, the methods and teachings were changed and made to fit the local morals, norms and values. It did this though without compromising the essential points of wisdom and compassion. Buddhism, however, never developed an overall hierarchy of religious authority with a supreme head. Each country that it spread to made its own structure. There are two major divisions of Buddhism. The Hinayana, or Modest Vehicle, emphasizes personal liberation, while the Mahayana, or the Greater Vehicle toward salvation than the more narrowly conceived Theravada, stresses working to become a fully enlightened Buddha in order to be best able to help others(Sm art, p.126). Each has many sub-divisions. At present, however, three major forms survive: one Hinayana, known as Theravada, in South East Asia, and two Mahayana, namely the Chinese and Tibetan traditions. From its origins in India to its expansion east through China and eventually into Korea and Japan, Buddhism has undergone many changes (Smart, p.59). These changes are usually evidenced in its iconography, and somewhat in popular practice, but the essential tenets remain unchanged. One of these unchanged beliefs is â€Å"Dukkha† or the reality of suffering (9). The kinds and origins of dukkha are as varied as the regional practices of Buddhism itself, ranging from the ancient and very symbolic, to the modern and very practical. Dukkha is an interesting concept that states that suffering is given to anyone who is born in to this existence. Unlike other religions that state that suffering is the will of God or that you are automatically born with original sin, ... Free Essays on Dukkhah - Suffering Free Essays on Dukkhah - Suffering Even though Buddhism never developed a missionary movement, the Buddha’s teachings spread all over the India subcontinent. After it had put its mark on the India subcontinent it moved from there to Asia. As with any culture, different people have different ways of reacting and thinking about things. So, with each new culture Buddhism touched, the methods and teachings were changed and made to fit the local morals, norms and values. It did this though without compromising the essential points of wisdom and compassion. Buddhism, however, never developed an overall hierarchy of religious authority with a supreme head. Each country that it spread to made its own structure. There are two major divisions of Buddhism. The Hinayana, or Modest Vehicle, emphasizes personal liberation, while the Mahayana, or the Greater Vehicle toward salvation than the more narrowly conceived Theravada, stresses working to become a fully enlightened Buddha in order to be best able to help others(Sm art, p.126). Each has many sub-divisions. At present, however, three major forms survive: one Hinayana, known as Theravada, in South East Asia, and two Mahayana, namely the Chinese and Tibetan traditions. From its origins in India to its expansion east through China and eventually into Korea and Japan, Buddhism has undergone many changes (Smart, p.59). These changes are usually evidenced in its iconography, and somewhat in popular practice, but the essential tenets remain unchanged. One of these unchanged beliefs is â€Å"Dukkha† or the reality of suffering (9). The kinds and origins of dukkha are as varied as the regional practices of Buddhism itself, ranging from the ancient and very symbolic, to the modern and very practical. Dukkha is an interesting concept that states that suffering is given to anyone who is born in to this existence. Unlike other religions that state that suffering is the will of God or that you are automatically born with original sin, ...

Analyze Informational E-Mail (Ch 5) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Analyze Informational E-Mail (Ch 5) - Essay Example The planning of the Gamma Fall Training Conference that will be held in Kendall Campus of Miami Dade College is underway. The speakers for the training session are Nicole Gold (e-mail: m.gold@etc.com) who whose training topic is â€Å"using e-mail and IM effectively† and scheduled to be training on 12th November. The other speaker is Anthony Mills (tony.mills@sunbelt.net) has confirmed to be speaking on 13th November about â€Å"Lading groups and teams.† Please assist us with contacting each of these speakers via the provided e-mail addresses and confirming with them about the dates and topics they will be presenting. This has to be done before 1st September in order to print the program in time. In case of any queries, contact me on my cell number 1653643. Thank you for your time and assistance and sorry for any inconveniences. There should be a subject line which explains what the email is specifically about (report on what). She should rephrase and organize her opening with proper introduction. The body should contain the suggestions made by the speaker and finally the closing should be officially presented. The workshop discussed on issues to do with workplace violence including suggestions on how to reduce them. The presenter was Kit Adkins who provided three suggestions on how to prevent workplace violence. The first was on how to prescreen job applicants including conducting a background check before hiring them. The second was that all companies should have employee handbook with guidelines on the steps employee should take when they suspect workplace violence and lastly, the companies should train managers on red-flag behavior that is on how to recognize potential workplace violence. In case more research is required about prescreening techniques, please inform me and also inform me by 18th November whether I will be required to prepare a report about the same during the

U.S. History to 1877 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

U.S. History to 1877 - Essay Example The European background After the fall of the Roman Empire, settlement and colonization of the Americas became the first significant move by Europeans. The European occupying powers acquired overseas territories into their possession without clear and obvious authority. The first European powers to establish settlement on the American mainland included Portugal, Spain, France, Holland, and England (Gary, et al 109). Of the five, England arrived relatively later than the rest, but ended up establishing large scale and enduring settlement in America. The British became the most significant colonizers of the US. The British empires in the Americas grew to rival those of the Spanish in economic and military might. European settlement in the Americas resulted to great upheaval among the indigenous civilizations. There were cultural disruptions, military force and introduction of diseases. Apart from promotion of settlement and development, the European powers extensively used trade with t he natives as a policy in their conquest of the Americas. The colonial experience Under British supervision, the American colonies grew and flourished. The colonies practiced limited forms of self government. The vast size of the Atlantic Ocean ensured that the American colonists developed skills to govern themselves. ... England regulated trade by forbidding colonies to trade with other European countries. They also maintained the right to levy taxes on the colonies. English colonialists tried to control American trade, but they could not entirely succeed to oversee the whole American coastline. In the process, colonial merchants learned how to operate outside the British law to enhance their trade. Religiously, those who evaded persecution in England demanded freedom of worship according to their belief systems. The Quakers settled in Pennsylvania, Catholics in Maryland, and the puritans and pilgrim settled in present day Massachusetts (Gary, et al 318). The colonialists brought along religious diversity, which called for freedom of religion in the Americas. The revolutionary period The American Revolution period cover the era from 1763 to 1800. The American Revolution represented the efforts of the thirteen colonies joining together to separate from the British Empire and rule. The era began after the treaty of Paris ended the French and Indian war in 1763 (Gary, et al 402). This ended the military threat fronted by the French in the British North American territories. The British began to exact more authority over the colonies through a set of direct taxes and additional laws. These moves became extremely unpopular in America since most colonies lacked representation in the British parliament. These laws got viewed as illegitimate and a violation of the colonist’s rights. The American enlightenment gets attributed as an ideology behind the revolution. The enlightenment constituted ideas such as liberalism, republicanism and condemnation of corruption. The

Profitability Analysis for Coca-Cola Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Profitability Analysis for Coca-Cola - Essay Example Coca-Cola has been established for a long time and has a strong value and internal performance management system. This study focuses on the financial values of the company by carrying out a ratio analysis for the company and comparing the results with industry averages. Financial ratio analysis provides an instant way to evaluate the performance of a company by comparing its financial ratios with its own past performance and the industry average in the domain in which the company operates. Hence, it is necessary to perform a comprehensive financial analysis of Coca-Cola for us to make an opinion about the company’s value and performance management systems. A brief analysis of Coca-Cola with regard to its performance in terms of financial ratios is provided below. The financial conditions ratios are used to develop an understanding of the company’s financial health. These include ratios to analyze the liquidity position of the company which represents the ease with which a company can change its current assets into cash to meet its short-term liabilities. In addition, the liquidity ratios can be used to find out if the company is vulnerable to short-term insolvency which might lead to the company getting bankrupted in the long run. Many ratios can be calculated to find out the liquidity position of the company and hence its financial conditions, but some important ones have been discussed below to provide an insight about Coca Cola’s financial conditions since the last ten years or so. Coca Cola’s quick ratio for the year 1996 remained at 0.67 which is much smaller than industry’s average of 0.9. This shows that the company was not able to meet its short-term obligations using its liquid assets. As per the recent results, the company has improved its performance with its quick ratio now being 0.8 exactly equal to the industry average. This shows a healthier sign than what the company used to be 10 years ago.

Naturalistic Observation Research Results

Naturalistic Observation Research Results Observation is categorised as one of the core skills of user research. Naturalistic Observation is a research method that involves observing the subjects in their natural environment without intruding or changing it in any way. The observer is required to carefully watch the naturally occurring behaviour without letting the subjects know that they are being observed. This type of research is advantageous primarily because it permits the researcher to directly observe the subject in a natural setting. It allows the researcher/observer to study aspects that cannot be manipulated in a laboratory due to ethical concerns. It also serves the purpose of supporting the external validity of the research as the findings that are observed are occurring in the natural environment. Study: 1 Date: 19th July, 2014. Day of the week: Saturday. Time: 11:00 A.M. – 12:00 P.M. (morning) and 6:00 P.M. – 7:00 P.M. (evening). Location: Cafà © Coffee Day, C G S Chamber, Ground Floor, Nagarjuna Hills, Near Road Number 1, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad – 500034. Near GVK One. Duration of observation: each session was of an hour each (60 minutes). Collectively, two hours (120 minutes) of observation. Not so important, yet Observer: Prakriti Dasgupta. Background: I did two sessions of observation of both an hour each and on the same day at Cafà © Coffee Day, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad. The first at 11:00 A.M. 12:00 P.M. in the morning and the second one at 6:00P.M. – 7:00P.M.in the evening. The whole purpose of carrying out two sets of observation was solely based the concept of finding out whether there is a difference in the crowd and the way they behave when they visit the Cafà © in the late hours of the morning in contrast to those that visit the Cafà © in the evening. Layout of the Cafà ©: The Cafà © remains open for the most part of the day as well as night. It is located in one of the busiest streets in the city and therefore caters to a large variety of customers ranging from early morning office goers to college students. It can be identified as a â€Å"hang-out spot† for a group of friends or just a place where lonely soles sit down with a cup of coffee and a book, spending their time the way they desire. Within the first fifteen minutes, I observed different kinds of customer behaviour patterns. The first session consisted of people who were present at the Cafà © to attend an official meeting with their fellow office co-workers presumably over breakfast, while there were others who were resting which I assume is due to the hectic night shifts at their workplace. This is more or less confirmed by the way they were dressed and the tired look on their faces. Stages of observation: Systematic observation of the Customers: Entry of the customers Abiding by the social norm of standing in a queue Purchase The wait after the purchase is made Finding seats preferably Between 11:00 A.M. – 12:00 P.M. Entry of the customers: With due respect to the fact that every individual is different and behaves differently, we can categorise them into those which are in great hurry and those which have plenty of time in their hand. On entering the Cafà ©, some of them directly stood in the queue, without wasting a single moment to even look around, while there were some who directly grabbed food from the compartments and then stood in the queue. Ignoring the ones that were in a hurry, when we shift our attention to the ones which aren’t, we find them to be looking around, with calm expression on their faces. They look like the ones who do not have to meet any deadlines. There were also a small group of girls who had friends waiting for them. They were carrying school bags and were dressed in casuals which indicates that they were college students. While in a queue: There was no interaction between the people who were standing in the queue. They kept themselves busy by looking at their phones and listening to music. Some attended calls while one lady kept justifying over the phone as to why she was late and wasn’t at her workplace yet. Two men and one woman took out their wallets and purse respectively. The group of young girls kept giggling and laughing about a certain boy whom they find attractive, back in college. At this point, at around 11:33 A.M. a well dressed woman (L 1) rushes into the Cafà © and tries to persuade a slightly older man, ahead in the queue if he would allow her to make her purchase before he did. She justified her request by saying that she was late for work and had two kids waiting in the car and they had to be dropped to school. The man, seemed to be in two minds which I assumed, owing to his facial expression but however was convinced and allowed the lady to stand in the queue before him. At this point, another woman (L 2) who had been waiting in the queue for the past 15 minutes, raises her voice to object and asks the lady (L 1) to go back and stand in the queue. Clearly she (L 2) was late for work as well. As soon as she (L 2) objected, all the others standing in the queue begin to support her. This was followed by several other verbal objections from other people standing in the queue. Some of them even exchanged dirty looks. A small argument took place among them where the lady with the kids (L 1) used her kids as bait and the other (L 2) asked her not to use her children as an excuse for violating certain social norms. Ultimately the lady (L 1) was forcefully ejected from the line. Having no choice, she went and stood right at the end of the queue and awaited her turn. Purchase: Most of the customers carried a bag with them and not a single customer was standing in the queue without a phone in their hand. This reflects how man is unable to move around without technology. It has become a necessity more than luxury. One important thing that I noticed was that none of them took a look at the menu card or what the cafe served which indicated that they were regular customers at the cafe and they were aware of what was available. However, there were four young boys who were seated at one corner of the cafe, intently looking at the menu and discussing what each of them would like to have. Most of the people in the cafe took the coffee and sandwiches they purchased and ran out of the cafe while only a few sat at the cafe and had their food. There was this little girl with her mother who looked at the cupcakes on the counter and then very carefully and ordered one for herself. The wait: Most people crowded around the counter, awaiting the food that they had just ordered with numbered bills in their hands. They were restless and impatient. They kept taking a glance at their watch in a frequent manner. The group of college girls kept enquiring for their order every five minutes and they ultimately managed to annoy the manager seated at the counter. Most of them opened their bags and wallets and kept the excess change they had inside it. Along with that they either kept their phones in their pockets of inside their bag. Since, almost all of them had ordered a cup of coffee irrespective of whether they had purchased anything else to eat with their hot beverage or not, it was seen that they took the coffee with their right hand and simultaneously picked up a lid and a straw with their left. These were the ones that were in a rush and as they ran out of the cafe as soon as they received their order. The ones that were eating in the cafe carefully carried the tra y to their seats making an effort not to spill the coffee. Finding preferable seats: It was observed that if people did not get the seats of their choice they simply stepped out of the cafe. Nobody waited for the seats to become empty. This indicated that there were other choices available outside as well from where they could acquire food. There was a group of five men, who entered the cafe at around 11:47 A.M. who left as soon as they failed to find a completely empty table. This also indicates the fact that people are not ready to sit with other unknown people even when one or two seats were empty in the other occupied tables. Difference in the ‘Type’ of customers that visited the cafà © from 11:00A.M. 12:00P.M. in the morning and those who visited the cafà © in the evening from 6:00P.PM. 7:00P.M. : It is important to note that the crowd that the cafe catered to, at the peak office hours was different from that they catered to in the evenings. In the evenings, the people who visited the cafe were mostly the young crowd consisting of teenagers in contrast to the office goers in the morning. The cafe catered mostly to single customers in the morning who stop by the cafe to pick up their breakfast but, in the evenings most of the people are in groups who are sitting and talking about different insignificant things that bother them, sipping their piping hot coffees, biting into their sandwiches and partially gossiping. The environment is relaxed and nobody seems to be in a hurry. The manager at the counter also seems to be settling the accounts in peace and there is no time crunch and deadline s that need to be met. Observations and interpretations: The lady objected and stopped the other lady from jumping the queue. As soon as she opposed to it, there were other people in the queue who supported her. Violation of social norms such as cutting into queues is not an appropriate thing to do and is not acceptable by the crowd as such. Perhaps jumping queues would have been an easier thing to do in the evenings when the crowd is more or less understanding and easy going. Early research indicates that people were reluctant to challenge queue jumpers which basically suggests that our spontaneous social order maintenance is weak. Milgram’s experiment also concludes that in only 10% of the occasion’s queue jumpers were physically ejected from the line. On about half of the occasion people hardly cared to react or take an initiative to stop it. Milgram attempts to explain that most people are too scared to intervene or challenge a queue jumper because challenging queue jumpers could mean losing your own place in the line. Th ere is chance that a fight may take place and everyone is delayed while it is being sorted out. This reflects on the idea that social systems have to tolerate some deviance otherwise they might hastily collapse. Moreover, when people stand in a queue, in a coffee shop, group formation is difficult and as a consequence of which social order is extremely weak. People tolerate queue jumpers as they themselves want to avoid social disorder. People left the coffee shop when they did not find a completely empty table because people do not like to sit and share the table with complete strangers. Some of the people took out their wallets as soon as the stepped in to the coffee shop which indicates three things: they might be in a hurry or they are running late for some important work, or they are extremely hungry or they prefer to be prepared before they start on doing anything, in this case, standing in the queue. People are very impatient and restless and they do not like waiting. Women are more impatient than men are. Men have a tendency to wait quietly. Although, men remain quiet, their faces give away their restlessness. In spite of that their patience level is higher than that of women. This aspect however, does not fit into the stereotype which says that women are more patient than men. Young girls are attention seeking, therefore, they try and attract attention towards themselves by their gestures and the way they speak to one another. They make use of inappropriate words to even greet each other, for example: â€Å"Hi bitch†. The word â€Å"bitch† is being casually used in this context and is not meant literally. The use of crass language among the girls and the boys of this generation is basically an attempt on their part to appear â€Å"cool† and popular among their peers. Also, they cannot stay without taking a glance at their cell phones every now and then. These assumptions and generalizations are purely made on the basis of this particular observation. They differ in every case. Study: 2 Date: 19th July, 2014. Day of the week: Saturday. Time: 3:00 P.M. – 4:00 P.M. Location: Lamakaan, an open cultural space. In Lane Adjacent To CBay, Opposite GVK One, Road No. 1, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500034. Duration of observation: 2 hours (120 Minutes) Background: I attended a discussion, on whether the education system kills creativity or not. The discussion was held at Lamakaan. Being an observer I was restricted to participate in the discussion actively. Several eminent educators, mentors, school/college professors and industrialists from different sectors were present, who were willing to share their views and opinions on the matter that had been raised for discussion. There were 36 people who attended the discussion. Observation and interpretations: The entire event was well organised and effectively carried out by Man1. The discussion proceeded in an orderly manner. Before the discussion began, there was a session where all the people present for the discussion had to introduce themselves. This session was overlooked by Man1 himself. This was the first instance of interaction between the participants present. This session was characterised by appreciation for fellow participants, to a certain extent only. Man1 exhibited leadership qualities. His characteristics were those of a democratic leader. He did not restrict the participants in anyway. The discussion was more or less informal in nature. Although the discussion started on a calm and controlled tone, the environment in the room soon changed. A series of heated arguments, aggressive gestures, difference in opinions and eventually conformity among all the participants is how the discussion can be described. I observed different social behaviour throughout the course of the discussion. In order to simplify the task of observing, I named a few fellow participants who were actively taking part in the discussion. Members: Man2, Man3, Lady1, Lady2, Lady3, Girl1, Girl2. To be noted: all the members taking part in the discussion were well read and were aware of the current scenario prevailing in the education sector and the impact of the flawed system. Man2 was an influential speaker. He managed to convince all the people in the room by stating relevant facts, but failed to convince Lady1. His justification for the statements he had made, did not appeal to her. She constantly scrutinised his argument. Both were aggressive in nature and constantly argued throughout the discussion. In due course of the argument, Man3 who was intently noting down every statement, interrupted the argument and spoke up in support of the lady1. The only interpretation that can be derived by this is that, lady1 was successful in convincing, if not all, but one participant. Her argument, therefore could not be dismissed. At this point, Man1 intervenes and tries to control the situation. He was still calm, composed and confident and held on to his composure in spite of the chaotic scenario and considered the perspectives of both Man2 and Lady1. He takes the midway path and succeeds in convincing both the participants. He states valid facts and speaks logica lly. When the situation appeared to be more or less controlled, it still wasn’t. Followed by this when lady2 makes a statement, she is opposed by Girl1 and Girl2. Both of them are students and they continue to argue with Lady2 in an aggressive tone. All this while, there was a small detail that I had forgot to mention. The participants were already sitting with people whom they already knew from before. Only the 5 participants who came alone for the discussion sat beside other fellow participants who they did not know. They were in groups throughout the discussion. People were talking among themselves, arguing, and there was complete chaos in the room at one point. People spoke out of chance, raised their voices in an attempt to put their views across. This is when Lady3 takes control of the situation. She makes her statement on another aspect and states her facts out loud thereby, shifting the focus of the argument to another concept related to the same topic. She was extrem ely persuasive and gave just reasons to the participants to agree with her. It was very interesting to observe how she was single handily successful in putting her ideas across. When lady3 entered the discussion, she exhibited all qualities of an influential person. She was confident, consistent, and had unbiased views. Minority influence refers to a form of social influence where the individual with contrastingly different beliefs in comparison to the other people, should have correct ideas and should resist social pressure and abuse. Her views were influential and convincing to such an extent that other people who were confused and were in two minds, along with the ones who had strong contrasting opinions conformed to Lady3. Conformity refers to any change in behaviour that is caused by another person or a group of people i.e. Lady3 has acted in a certain manner which had influenced the others to conform to her statement. But there was one such boy who took an active part in the d iscussion but, was hesitant to accept the ideas put forth by Lady3. In due time, he as well conformed to her. Conformity was studied by Solomon Asch, who conducted an experiment which concluded that it was primarily social pressure from perhaps a majority group that could affect a person to conform. In this case, it was primarily informational conformity as Lady3 stated accurate, and rational facts and figures to prove her idea and statement. It is basically the power of the situation that regulates and influences all human behaviour. It is the power of the situation that brought about instances of social influence and conformity. I observed that people belonging to the same age groups thought alike. Their opinions and views converged and they behaved in a similar manner. They had similar patterns of thinking and interpreting the situation. They reacted to certain situations in similar ways as well. This is possibly because all of them have grown up experiencing the same dynamic changes in the society. Also, this might reflect similar bringing up patterns. In course of the discussion I attained an in-depth insight on the different social behavioural patterns which man tends to exhibit depending on the prevailing scenario. Acknowledging the advantages of Naturalistic Observation, this research technique also has quite a number of disadvantages that we cannot ignore. In this kind of research technique, people may behave differently if they come to know that they are being watched. They become conscious and may try to behave in a certain way in order to conform to what they believe the observer expects to see. One major drawback of this research method is that different observers may draw different conclusions on the basis of their observation of the same witnessed behaviour, owing to their ability to make accurate assumptions which is again a rare scenario in most of the cases. However, observing different human behaviour patterns closely and then drawing meanings out of them poses as a challenge to all those researchers who carry out experiments on the basis of this research technique. The end. Tata Institute of Social Sciences. Name: Prakriti Dasgupta. Roll No.: H2013BAMA28. Subject: Social Psychology. BA 2nd Year, Semester: III. 1

A clear explaining how the production process and quality :: Business and Management Studies: Management

A clear explaining how the production process and quality assurance/control system employed by the business helps it add value to its product or service. Quality control can be defined as the means of inspecting or testing quality at various points in the production process or delivery of service. It is usually applied during or after production. It can also be described as the process of monitoring specific project results to determine if they comply with relevant standards and identifying ways to eliminate causes of unsatisfactory performance. Quality assurance can be described as making quality the responsibility of everyone at all stages of production of the goods and services. It can also be defined as a system that comprises of all those planned and systematic actions necessary to provide confidence that a structure, system or component will perform satisfactorily its services. All of this can add enormously to the amount or value of a product. A lot of products go through a series of production process. Since every industry knows how much profit could be made in the production process, they try to increase the amount of quality control. They are a lot of production processes used in Sainsbury’s to help add value to a product or service. One of the main objectives of Sainsbury’s apart from making profit is to satisfy customers, which is converting inputs to outputs. Value added happens when raw materials are gathered in order to make a finished product in which a business can use to sell. For example Sainsbury’s different food stuffs in order for them to sell in their store. Value adding is finished product, which has been assembled by a producer to make a product that is good enough to sell. Quality control is where a companies manufacturing process is checked every milestone in order to find anything wrong with the product which will not make its sellable to customers. Where quality control is applied may cause waste, this is because the business would want to throw it away. Through inspection of product it helps to see whether products are being made of satisfactory standard to be sold and whether the producers of the product are making it properly and to know whether or not it is man made or machine made. Quality assurance happens when a product is made and it is suitable to be sold at the quality of a customers assurance, for example if the expectations of a product is not reached, limited to the actual product it self then the quality assurance of the product is not suitable to be sold. When a product is being produced it is vital that there are no

Cosplay

Cosplay Subculture Rachael Driver Bowling Green Technical College Abstract This paper will be discussing the cosplay, or costume play, subculture. In this paper, it will also go over who makes up this particular subculture, what it takes to be a cosplayer, what this subculture does for society, how society sees those who participate in it, how and when it came to be, most famous cosplay costumes, and what this subculture provides for those who take part in it. Keywords: Cosplay, Costume Play, Sociology, Subculture, Japanese cosplay, costumes, cosplay conventionsCosplay, short for â€Å"costume play†, is a type of performance art in which the participants make and wear costumes and accessories to represent a specific character or idea. This is also considered a type of role playing. Favorite sources for these costumes include manga , anime, books, TV shows, comic books, video games, and films. In cosplay, even inanimate objects are given life and personalities, and it is not un usual to see genders switched, with women playing male characters and vice versa. This is called crossplaying.There is also a group of cosplay culture centered around sex appeal, with cosplayers specifically choosing characters that are known for their attractiveness and/or revealing costumes. Often cosplay is most remembered for this because of all of the skimpy female outfits, but really there is so much more to cosplay than that. (Cosplay, 2012) Cosplay has been called many things over the years: a hobby, an art form, a youth clique, a fashion movement, a social event, a designing process, a detachment from society, or even just something to do out of pure boredom.All of these things can be considered true, in some way, depending on the situation, but the essence of cosplay is that it is a form of expression for young people in the subcultures that practice it. (What is Cosplay? Understanding Cosplay and its many definitions. , 2007) The cosplayer's purpose for dressing as a cert ain character may be sorted into one of three categories, or a mixture of the three. The first is to show adoration for a character, or they pick one that they have matching personalities with, hoping to become that character or at least close to it.A few major characteristics of this type of cosplayer may be an enthusiastic attitude and the tendency to pay less attention to detail and quality. Such cosplayers are also known to criticize other cosplayers for not having a full knowledge of their character, or not also adopting character personality. This can cause a lot of conflict between cosplayers. (Cosplay, 2012) The second is those people who enjoy the attention that cosplaying a certain character brings. They have to dress as the most popular character so they can have the most attention.Within the cultures of anime and manga specifically, there is a certain level of dishonor that is attached to cosplayers with this type of attitude. Such cosplayers are usually characterized by paying close attention to detail in their garments and their choice of popular characters. They are also noted by participation in cosplay competitions. (Cosplay, 2012) The third category is those who enjoy the creative process, and the sense of personal achievement upon completion of the costume and character details.Such people are more likely to have a greater budget dedicated to the costumes, more complicated and better quality outfits with access to more materials. They are also more likely to engage with professional photographers and cosplay photographers to take high quality images of the cosplayer in their garment posing as the character. (Cosplay, 2012) Some of the most popular shows to dress as are Harry Potter, Star Wars, Star Trek, Avatar, Sailor Moon, and even the Rocky Horror Picture Show. Top films and television shows that inspire cosplay, 2010) The most famous and worlds largest cosplay convention is Comiket, also known as Comic Market, is still held in the Odaiba Area of Tokyo, Japan bi-annually. (Cosplay in Japan, 2011) A few others are The San Diego Comic-Con. The biggest event in the UK is the London MCM Expo at ExCeL London, while the biggest event in Europe takes place in France at Japan Expo in Paris, with an attendance of over 200,000 in 2012. (Cosplay, 2012) Some costumes can take months to even years to create.A lot of people will go through so much just to look like their chosen character. They will do crazy make up elaborate make up. They will buy wigs to match the charcters hair, or simply dye their own and style it the exact same way. Some characters have tattoos, which some cosplayers will have done to themselves. However, others will simply draw their own on rather than having the tattoo permanently. In every anime comic or show that you see, everyone has the signature â€Å"anime eyes†, the large, round, oddly colored eyes.Cosplayers who want the look just right will actually purchase contacts to help them achieve thi s unique animated look. Some cosplayers choose to hire a cosplay photographer to take high quality images of them in their costumes posing as the character. This is most likely to take place in a setting relevant to the character's origin, such as churches, parks, forests, water features and abandoned/run-down sites. Such cosplayers are likely to exhibit their work online, on blogs or artist websites. They may also choose to sell such images or print the images as postcards and give them as gifts. Cosplay, 2012) When at a cosplay convention, cosplayers tend to carry pictures of the character they are mimicking with them. Some societies see cosplay as unusual, but when you really think about it, is it that odd? People dressing up as something or someone they love, getting together with people who have a common interest in these things, and bringing many nations together at these conventions. Works Cited What is Cosplay? Understanding Cosplay and its many definitions. (2007). Retrieve d september 26, 2012, from thecosplayproject. om: http://www. thecosplayproject. com/what-is-cosplay. html Top films and television shows that inspire cosplay. (2010, August 31). Retrieved September 26, 2012, from citypages. com: http://blogs. citypages. com/dressingroom/2010/08/top_films_and_t. php? page=2 Cosplay in Japan. (2011, Nember 15). Retrieved September 26, 2012, from allinjapan. org: http://www. allinjapan. org/cosplay-in-japan/ Cosplay. (2012, september 24). Retrieved september 24, 2012, from Wikipedia the free encyclopedia: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cosplay

Analysis and Review of the Decisions made in the Simulation of the Lenity Hospital for Advanced Care (LHAC)

Analysis and Review of the Decisions made in the Simulation of the Lenity Hospital for Advanced Care (LHAC) Introduction Organizations in the society exist in an environment that requires comparison with other similar organizations for improvement purposes. Depending on the objectives of an organization, performance benchmarking has proved to be an effective way of ensuring that they maintain a competitive advantage in the industry.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Analysis and Review of the Decisions made in the Simulation of the Lenity Hospital for Advanced Care (LHAC) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The health sector is not an exception. Through simulation, performance benchmarking is done to ensure that health organizations maintain quality service, the safety of the patients, staff and other people in the sector while fulfilling the standards of the regulators. The health sector is faced with various issues that require to be addressed. The online simulation process in the health sector is crucial in the trai ning of personnel, making their decision making process easier and ensuring the safety of the patients while making use of innovations in this case. This paper addresses the decisions made in the online simulation of Lenity Hospital for Advanced Care. Summary of the Simulation The simulation carried out on Lenity Hospital for Advanced Care was to address the increases in the nosocomial infections. These infections are a threat to the hospital due to its role in ensuring the safety of the patients and other personnel and people involved in the process (Jarvis, 2008). The increases proved to be unsustainable from a liability perspective since the personnel and other resources were concentrating more on them yet they originated from the hospital practices. The costs involved in their treatment and management proved to be inefficient. The infections also proved unsustainable from a quality perspective since LHAC was questioned on its quality maintenance and assurance in the process. Thi s was done through performance benchmarking to identify the root causes of the problem, the establishment of airway recommendations and identification of process improvement strategies. The simulation identified the root causes as the equipment practices that were rather inefficient in the hospital and offered recommendations based on effective sanitation and the incorporation of the functional strategy to the business strategy. Analysis of the Decisions Made in the Simulation This section addresses the decisions made from the simulation classified as the root cause, the airway recommendations established, the benchmarking partnership and the process improvement strategies.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Identification of the root cause The Lenity Hospital for Advanced Care (LHAC) has experienced increases in the rates of nosocomial infections. Nosocomial in fections as Jarvis (2008) assert comes as a result of transmission of an infectious disease which could be contagious or caused by a pathogenic organism. The types of these nosocomial infections range from surgical related infections, central nervous system infections, skin infections, blood stream infections, gastrointestinal infections, urinary tract infections, and respiratory infections which all are facilitated by the conditions and practices at the hospital facilities (Health Grades Inc, 2010). The process of addressing nosocomial infections is critical due to the diagnosis that is sensitive and the fact that some of them turn out to be drug resistant. The identification of the root cause of the infections was the most prudent way of addressing the issue to avoid recurrences and reduce costs in management. The simulation on Lenity Hospital for Advanced Care (LHAC) identified the root cause of the nosocomial infections increase as the equipment practices in the hospital that we re inefficient. This cause was motivated by the exposures to diseases and environmental pollutants in the hospital (Health Grades Inc, 2010). The inefficient use of facilities was related to lack of homogeneity in the use of equipment in the various departments, sharing of the equipments among departments, poor sanitation of the equipment, the fact that the equipment was not enough while personal responsibility and proper use of the equipment was limited. The infections thus spread even as the number of patients in the departments increased. The infections were further encouraged by lack of coordination of equipment use. For example, two or more different departments could be using the same equipment in their diagnosis of conditions, which could lead to the easier transmission between patients due to exposure to contaminants. The hospital also lacked tracking systems to monitor the use and care of equipment (Thornton, De Rosa Craven, 2002). In addressing the root cause of the probl em of nosocomial infections, personally, I could include more monitoring systems and checks of the environmental pollutants and training process of personnel to be able to identify whether their lack of experience with the equipment caused them to be unable to use them or whether it was out of negligence and ignorance and provide the necessary recommendations accordingly. Establishment of Airway The identification of the root cause of the nosocomial infections being inefficient handling of equipment at Lenity Hospital, there was a need to offer recommendations that would seek to ensure proper management of the equipment and an environment of safety and caution.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Analysis and Review of the Decisions made in the Simulation of the Lenity Hospital for Advanced Care (LHAC) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The recommendations offered were on the basis of the risks they posed through contamination to patients, staff and visitors at the hospital. They were also based on the regulations requirements for health safety in the health sector as a way of improving the health care and quality health (Moller Sonntag, 1998). The recommendations offered include the effective training of personnel on the use of the equipment and increasing their awareness of the nosocomial infections (Lack, 1996). This recommendation is necessary since the equipment in the health care facilities do require knowledge in the use and maintenance. The skills on the use of the equipment would make the personnel aware of their contributions in nosocomial infections and provide ways of minimizing them. Another recommendation was the use of a tracking system. This system would serve to ensure the sanitation of the equipment. The sanitation would be necessary to ensure safety through avoidance of sharing of equipment that poses a high risk of infection (Cohen, 2006). Additionally, the system would require accountability of inventory. It is also recommendable that Lenity hospital ensures the availability of equipment and distribution through out the departments and also ensures reliability where the equipment would be available when needed to avoid the use of other equipment that would increase the risk of infection. Further, the equipment that is very risky would require being disposable to avoid contamination through reuse due to the sensitivity of the equipment (Moller Sonntag, 1998). For example the equipment dealing with the injections blood and so on. The outcome of the recommendation was impressive. Lenity management set up a tracking system for the sanitation of the equipment. They additionally, instituted inventory controls with the employment of inventory clerks. The clerks have the mandate of ensuring that the inventory bought meets the safety requirements and minimizes the risk of infections as much as possible. They also have the responsibility of ensuring that the equipment is supplied in the hospital in due time and track the stock levels to ensure that the equipment is bought in time. The hospital management also sought on reducing infection through the use of disposable equipment and the maintenance of a sterilizing department to oversee the safety after the cleaning of equipment before reuse.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In doing of the simulation for another time, I could have followed the steps and measures I took in this current one since it was conclusive and the recommendations proved feasible and would not only ensure safety and reduce nosocomial infections, but would also improve the reputation of LHAC and reduce the costs of operation (Zulch Rinn, 1999). Benchmarking Partner The benchmarking partner chosen for this simulation was the information services department of the Lenity Hospital for Advanced Care. This was based on the reason that this was part of the LHAC and so would provide internal information regarding the safety. Additionally, the department would offer statistics to base the simulation on and provide the resources of the best practice in the sector (Cohen, 2006). The department proved reliable in providing the information needed on the safety levels, use of the equipment, data on nosocomial infections as well as the comparisons with the industry since LHAC covers a great sha re of market in the health sector. In doing the simulation again, I would incorporate the safety department to assess the levels of safety and comparisons with the safety expectations of the health sector. Process Improvement Strategies The functional strategy was chosen to be incorporated in the overall business strategy since the strategy is feasible and applicable in the reference area of ensuring the management of equipment. This strategy emphasizes resource productivity and uses specialized work force (Thornton et al., 2002). This is recommendable to ensure that the use of equipments at Lenity Hospital is by specialized people to avoid misuse and increase the sensitivity to safety. It was observed that there is need to incorporate the functional strategy to the overall business strategy (Jarillo, 1993). This would be by emphasizing the need for safety and proper management of equipment in every department and the endeavor to reduce the nosocomial infections from a departmental basis. Summary and Conclusion The simulation carried out on Lenity Hospital for Advanced Care revealed the root cause of the increasing nosocomial infections as the inefficient equipment practices. This scenario is common not to LHAC only, but in major health care facilities. The inefficient equipment practices are attributable to the strategies of safety and management, lack of awareness in the use of the equipment or lack of personal responsibility. The simulation recognized the need to address the nosocomial infections as a way of reducing the costs involved in the treatment and management, the improvement of the reputation of LHAC and the fulfillment of the industry safety and legal requirements. The recommendations provided were the establishment of a tracking system, effective training of personnel and the increase in sanitation practices. The benchmark partner used for the simulation was the information services department of Lenity Hospital while the functional strategy was emphasized with the need to ensure that the overall business strategy acts as the guide in this. The simulation was effectively done without the need for major changes in the approach although the benchmark partner would further incorporate the safety department of Lenity Hospital. Reference List Cohen, S. (2006). Virtual Decisions. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publications. Health Grades Inc. (2010). Nosocomial Infections. Web. Jarillo, C. (1993). Strategic Networks: Creating Borderless Organizations. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. Jarvis, W. (2008). Bennett Brachmans Hospital Infections. London: A C Black Publishers Limited. Lack, R. (1996). Essentials of Health and Safety Management. New York: CRC Press. Moller, J., Sonntag, H. (1998). Systematic analysis and controlling of health care organizations lead to numerical health care improvements. Health Manpower Management, 24(5), 178-182. Thornton, D., De Rosa, F., Craven, D. (2002). Nosocomial pneumonia: emerging con cepts in diagnosis, management, and prophylaxis. Current Opinion in Critical Care, 8(5), 421-429. Zulch, G., Rinn, A. (1999). Simulation based performance analysis and benchmarking. International Journal of Business Performance Management, 1(2), 200-218.